if clause

Definition of Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentence is a complex sentence (compound sentence) formed from the subordinate clause that begins with a subordinate conjunction if a condition (condition) and the main clause of a result / consequence (result).
There are 4 types of conditional sentence commonly used, namely: type 1, type 2, type 3, and type 0. Condition on the conditional sentence may be filled with type 1, type 2 or almost impossible not fulfilled, type 3 can not be met (unreal) , while type 0 is always realized as a scientific fact / scientific truth.

General formula
In general, this assumption sentences formula is as follows:
if + condition, result/consequence

without punctuation or commas :
result/consequence + if + condition

Conditional Sentence various types of
Type              Rumus Conditional Sentence
0.                   if + simple present, simple present
1                    if + simple present, will + bare infinitive
2                    if + simple past, would/could/might + bare infinitive
3.                   if + past perfect, would/should/could/might have + past participle

Examples of Conditional Sentence
Here's an example of a conditional sentence on various types in accordance with the above formula .
Type              Contoh Conditional Sentence
0                     If we flush the fabric, it gets wet.
1                     If we travel to London, we will visit the museums.
2                     If you don't get out of here I'll call the police.
3                     If we had played a little better, we could have won the game.

Negative if + condition
Formula : if ... not be replaced with unless.
Examples of conditional sentence : if ... not and unless : By using the formula if negative , the conditional sentence as an example below.
• If the students do not understand , they will raise their hand to ask.
• Unless the students understand , they will raise their hand to ask

Passive voice

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.

Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Rumus Passive Voice

1.      Passive Voice (Simple Present Tense)

Pattern = subject + to be + verb 3

Contoh :

• They buy a book everyday (active)

• A book is bought buy them (passive)

2.      Passive voice (present continous tense)

Pattern = subject + to be + being + verb 3

Contoh :

• She is drinking a glass of milk (active)

• A glass of milk is being drunk by her (passive)

3.      Passive Voice (present perfect tense)

Pattern = subject + have/has + been + verb 3

Contoh :

• We have done our homework (active)

• Our homework have been done by us (passive)

4.      Passive Voice (Present perfect Continuous tense)

Pattern = subject + have/ has + not + been + being + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh :

• She hasn’t been reading the book (active)

• The book hasn’t been being read by her (passive)

5.      Passive Voice (simple past tense)

Pattern = subject + to be + (was – were) + verb 2

Contoh :

• I swept the floor yesterday (active)

• The florr was swept by me (passive)

6.      Passive Voice (past continous tense)

Pattern = subject + to be (was – were ) + verb 3

Contoh :

• We were typing a letter (active)

• A letter was been typed by us (passive)

7.      Past perfect tense

Pattern = subject + had + not + been + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh

• She hadn’t washed the car (active)

• The car hadn’t been washed by her (passive)

8.      Past perfect continuous tense

Pattern = subject had + not + been + being + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh :

• She hadn’t been washing the car (active)

• The car hadn’t been being washed by her (passive)

9.      Simple future tense

Pattern = subject + will + not + be + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh :

• She won’t wash the car (active)

• The car wont’t be washed by her (passive)

10.  Future continuous tense

Pattern = subject + will + not + be + being + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh :

• She won’t be washing the car (active)

• The car won’t be being washed by her (passive)

11.  Future perfect tense

Pattern = subject + will + not + have + been + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh :

• She won’t have washed the car (active)

• The car won’t have been washed by her (passive)

12.  Future perfect continuous tense

Pattern = subject + will + not + have + been + being + verb 3 + by + object

Contoh :

• She won’t have been washing the car (active)

• The car won’t have been being washed by her (passive)

http://tanmorib.blogspot.com/

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-dan-contoh-kalimat-passive-voice

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive

bahasa inggris bisnis 2

1.      George is cooking dinner tonight

     S            V            C      MOT

2.      We can eat lunch in this restaurant today

  S      V         C                MOT

3.      Pat should have bought gasoline yesterday

S                 V                     C           MOT

4.      She opened a checking account at the bank last week

  S       V                   C                            MOT

5.      He was driving very past

 S          V           MOT

6.      She drove the car on the street

 S       V       C          MOP

7.      We girls are not going to that movie

     S                  V                   C

8.      The chemistry professor canceled class today

                  S                         V         C   MOT

9.      She must have gone to the bank

  S              V                  C

10.  The weather was very bad yesterday

         S                 V               MOT

Konflik Etika Bisnis

1.      Teori

Robbins (1996) dalam "Organization Behavior" menjelaskan bahwa konflik adalah suatu proses interaksi yang terjadi akibat adanya ketidaksesuaian antara dua pendapat (sudut pandang) yang berpengaruh atas pihak-pihak yang terlibat baik pengaruh positif maupun pengaruh negatif. Sedang menurut Luthans (1981) konflik adalah kondisi yang ditimbulkan oleh adanya kekuatan yang saling bertentengan. Kekuatan-kekuatan ini bersumber pada keinginan manusia. Istilah konflik sendiri diterjemahkan dalam beberapa istilah yaitu perbedaan pendapat, persaingan dan permusuhan.

2.      Kasus

JAKARTA, SENIN — Terhambatnya pembangunan di daerah-daerah perbatasan antara lain merupakan buntut dari persoalan konflik internal di daerah tersebut. Akibatnya, pembangunan perbatasan masih belum bisa mengupayakan kesejahteraan rakyatnya. Hal tersebut dikatakan Kepala Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) Umar Anggara Jenie di sela-sela seminar "Masalah Pembangunan di Perbatasan: Upaya Pengentasan Kemiskinan dan Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat" di LIPI Jakarta, Senin (16/2). "Level paradigma penanganan persoalan konflik di perbatasan harus diganti dengan pembangunan kesejahteraan wilayahnya," ungkap Umar.

Menurutnya, banyaknya warga miskin di daerah tertinggal menjadi masalah yang ironi. Sebab, ketertinggalan itu justru memicu persoalan lain, seperti masalah sosial, keamanan, serta masalah kebangsaan. Selain itu, lemahnya koordinasi antarinstansi termasuk penyaluran modal masih belum jernih sehingga penundaan lebih kerap terjadi. "Ditambah lagi permasalahan warisan yang ditinggalkan penjajahan yang mengakibatkan kemiskinan yang berlarut-larut," tambah Umar. Perlu penanganan multi disiplin dan kerja sama berbagai pemangku kepentingan, dalam upaya pembangunan daerah tertinggal. Pemerintah dalam satu sisi berfungsi sebagai promotor serta memberi stimulus fiskal, papar Umar. Sedangkan lembaga lainnya bisa masuk dalam berbagai bidang, seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, dan masalah upaya pembangunan sumber daya manusia.

3.      Analisis

Berdasarkan artikel yang diambil di harian kompas online diatas dapat dianalisis terjadi konflik internal karena terhambatnya pembangunan di daerah-daerah perbatasan yang mengakibatkan pembangunan perbatasan masih belum bias mengupayakan kesejahteraan rakyatnya.

Konflik ini dapat terjadi karena lemahnya koordinasi antarinstansi termasuk penyaluran modal masih belum jernih yang mengakibatkan terjadi penundaan dan terhambatnya pembangunan di daerah-daerah perbatasan. Konflik seperti ini harus cepat diatasi jika dilihat menurut “kacamata” etika bisnis, karena kasus konflik ini merugikan banyak pihak. Khususnya pihak masyarakat sekitar Comoro, Subdistrik Comoro, Dili, Timor Leste.

Menurut saya, solusi untuk kasus konflik seperti ini sebaiknya menggunakan metode Arbitrasi, yaitu adanya peran orang ketiga sebagai penengah untuk penyelesaian masalah konflik ini. Peran orang ketiga dalam hal ini bisa berupa lembaga atau instansi lain dari pemerintah yang bertugas untuk mengawasi koordinasi antarinstantsi agar menjadi semakin lebih kuat koordinasinya. Dan mengawasi penyaluran modal agar lebih jernih dan transparan sehingga tidak sering terjadi penundaan yang diakibatkan oleh penyaluran modal.

4.      Sumber

http://dhasanblog.blogspot.com/2011/10/kasus-konflik-dan-solusinya.html

http://tulisanpkfarida.blogspot.com/2010/11/konflik-dipandang-dari-sudut-etika.html